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Chalcogenide Quaternary Cu2FeSnS4 Nanocrystals for Solar Cells: Explosive Character of Mechanochemical Synthesis and Environmental Challenge

机译:用于太阳能电池的硫族化物季铵盐Cu2FeSnS4纳米晶体:力学化学合成的爆炸特性和环境挑战

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摘要

In this study we demonstrate the synthesis of quaternary semiconductor nanocrystals of stannite CuFeSnS/rhodostannite CuFeSnS (CFTS) via mechanochemical route using Cu, Fe, Sn and S elements as precursors in one-pot experiments. Methods of X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were applied to characterize properties of the unique nanostructures. Mechanochemical route of synthesis induced new phenomena like explosive character of reaction, where three stages could be identified and the formation of nanostructures 5–10 nm in size. By using XPS method, Cu(I), Fe(II), Sn(IV) and S(-II) species were identified on the surface of CFTS. The value of optical band gap 1.27 eV is optimal for semiconductors applicable as absorbers in solar cells. The significant photocatalytic activity of the CFTS nanocrystals was also evidenced. The obtained results confirm the excellent properties of the quaternary semiconductor nanocrystals synthesized from earth-abundant elements.
机译:在这项研究中,我们通过一锅实验以铜,铁,锡和硫元素为前驱体,通过机械化学途径证明了通过机械化学途径合成亚锡CuFeSnS / rhodostannite CuFeSnS(CFTS)的季半导体纳米晶体。 X射线衍射(XRD),氮吸附,高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM),扫描透射电子显微镜(STEM),能量色散X射线光谱(EDX)和X射线光电子光谱(XPS)的方法应用于表征独特纳米结构的特性。合成的机械化学途径引起了新的现象,如反应的爆炸性,可以确定三个阶段,并形成尺寸为5-10 nm的纳米结构。通过XPS方法,在CFTS表面鉴定出Cu(I),Fe(II),Sn(IV)和S(-II)物种。对于可用作太阳能电池吸收体的半导体,光学带隙值为1.27 eV是最佳的。 CFTS纳米晶体的显着光催化活性也得到了证明。获得的结果证实了由富含地球的元素合成的四级半导体纳米晶体的优异性能。

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